Before getting started with the Arduino, we should know different components which are present on Arduino Board and their functionalities or uses.
Here we will be using Arduino UNO R3 Board because it is the
most popular Arduino Board among the users and in Arduino Board Family. And
this is the best board to get started with Arduino, electronics and coding.
Some of the Arduino Boards look differently from one another but most of them
have common components present.
Basically, we need to know about 17 components which are
present on Arduino Board, and those are as follows,
1.
USB (Power Supply): (1)
Arduino board can be powered
by using the USB cable from your computer. All we need to do is just connect
the USB cable to the USB connection of Arduino Board and Computer system. The
Arduino Board will automatically draw power from the computer system.
2.
Barrel
Jack (Power Supply): (2)
Arduino boards can be powered directly from the AC mains power supply by
connecting it to the Barrel Jack using some AC Adapter or Battery as well.
3.
Voltage Regulator: (3)
The function of the voltage regulator is to control the voltage given to the Arduino board and stabilize the DC voltages used by the processor and other elements. This helps in damage reduction.
The function of the voltage regulator is to control the voltage given to the Arduino board and stabilize the DC voltages used by the processor and other elements. This helps in damage reduction.
4.
Crystal Oscillator: (4)
The crystal oscillator helps Arduino in dealing with time issues. How does Arduino calculate time? The answer is, by using the crystal oscillator. The number printed on top of the Arduino crystal is 16.000H9H. It tells us that the frequency is 16,000,000 Hertz or 16 MHz.
The crystal oscillator helps Arduino in dealing with time issues. How does Arduino calculate time? The answer is, by using the crystal oscillator. The number printed on top of the Arduino crystal is 16.000H9H. It tells us that the frequency is 16,000,000 Hertz or 16 MHz.
5.
RESET (Restart/Reset Arduino): (5,17)
You can reset your Arduino board, i.e., start your program from the beginning. You can reset the UNO board in two ways. First, by using the reset button (17) on the board. Second, you can connect an external reset button to the Arduino pin labelled RESET (5).
You can reset your Arduino board, i.e., start your program from the beginning. You can reset the UNO board in two ways. First, by using the reset button (17) on the board. Second, you can connect an external reset button to the Arduino pin labelled RESET (5).
6.
Pins (3.3, 5, GND, Vin): (6,7,8,9)
a. 3.3V
(6) − Supply 3.3 output volt
b.
5V
(7) − Supply 5 output volt
c. GND
(8)(Ground) − There are several GND pins on the Arduino, any of which can be
used to ground your circuit.
d.
Vin
(9) − This pin also can be used to power the Arduino board from an external
power source, like AC mains power supply.
7.
Analog
Pins: (10)
The Arduino UNO board has six analog input pins A0 through A5. These
pins can read the signal from an analog sensor like the humidity sensor or
temperature sensor and convert it into a digital value that can be read by the
microprocessor. It helps in reading discrete value of sensors.
8.
Microcontroller (Main): (11)
Each Arduino board has its own
microcontroller (11). You can assume it as the brain of your board. The main IC
(integrated circuit) on the Arduino is slightly different from board to board.
The microcontrollers are usually of the ATMEL Company. You must know what IC
your board has before loading up a new program from the Arduino IDE. This
information is available on the top of the IC. For more details about the IC
construction and functions, you can refer to the data sheet.
9.
ICSP Pin: (12)
Mostly, ICSP (12) is an AVR, a tiny programming header for the Arduino consisting of MOSI, MISO, SCK, RESET, VCC, and GND. It is often referred to as an SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface), which could be considered as an "expansion" of the output. Actually, you are slaving the output device to the master of the SPI bus.
Mostly, ICSP (12) is an AVR, a tiny programming header for the Arduino consisting of MOSI, MISO, SCK, RESET, VCC, and GND. It is often referred to as an SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface), which could be considered as an "expansion" of the output. Actually, you are slaving the output device to the master of the SPI bus.
10.
Power LED: (13)
This LED should light up when you plug your Arduino into a power source to indicate that your board is powered up correctly. If this light does not turn on, then there is something wrong with the connection or with the Arduino Board.
This LED should light up when you plug your Arduino into a power source to indicate that your board is powered up correctly. If this light does not turn on, then there is something wrong with the connection or with the Arduino Board.
11.
TX and RX LEDs: (14)
On your board, you will find two labels: TX (transmit) and RX (receive). They appear in two places on the Arduino UNO board. First, at the digital pins 0 and 1, to indicate the pins responsible for serial communication. Second, the TX and RX led (14). The TX led flashes with different speed while sending the serial data. The speed of flashing depends on the baud rate used by the board. RX flashes during the receiving process.
On your board, you will find two labels: TX (transmit) and RX (receive). They appear in two places on the Arduino UNO board. First, at the digital pins 0 and 1, to indicate the pins responsible for serial communication. Second, the TX and RX led (14). The TX led flashes with different speed while sending the serial data. The speed of flashing depends on the baud rate used by the board. RX flashes during the receiving process.
12.
Digital I/O Pins: (15)
The Arduino UNO board has 14 digital I/O pins (15) (of which 6 provide PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) output. These pins can be configured to work as input digital pins to read logic values (0 or 1) or as digital output pins to drive different modules like LEDs, relays, etc. The pins labeled “~” can be used to generate PWM.
The Arduino UNO board has 14 digital I/O pins (15) (of which 6 provide PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) output. These pins can be configured to work as input digital pins to read logic values (0 or 1) or as digital output pins to drive different modules like LEDs, relays, etc. The pins labeled “~” can be used to generate PWM.
13.
AREF: (16)
AREF stands for Analog Reference. It is sometimes, used to set an external reference voltage (between 0 and 5 Volts) as the upper limit for the analog input pins.
For More Such Interesting Videos Please Visit our YouTube Channel Silly Tech TV
AREF stands for Analog Reference. It is sometimes, used to set an external reference voltage (between 0 and 5 Volts) as the upper limit for the analog input pins.
No comments:
Post a Comment